Abordajes de la enfermería escolar para la prevención y promoción de la salud integral de la pobalción preescolar, escolar: una revisión integrativa
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2023
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El y la profesional de enfermería cuenta con conocimientos disciplinares y científicos que le permiten abordar las necesidades en salud real y potenciales de diferentes poblaciones desde enfoques educativos, asistenciales, promotores de salud, de prevención de la enfermedad, rehabilitado res y asistenciales. En el caso de la población pediátrica, como lo son preescolares y escolares dentro del ámbito escolar, estos deben desarrollar intervenciones que favorezca un crecimiento y desarrollo individual y colectivo óptimo. La labor anterior se puede vislumbrar en el marco de Costa Rica por medio de publicaciones de investigación nacional en torno a la labor de la enfermería y la población de centros de educación especial; o a nivel internacional en torno a investigaciones basadas en la educación para la salud. Si bien existe investigación en torno a el rol que desempeña el y la profesional de enfermería dentro del ámbito escolar, no se encontraron publicaciones de investigaciones en torno a las intervenciones en específico que enfermería lleva a cabo con poblaciones preescolares y escolares respectivamente, así como un análisis de la calidad y rigurosidad de las mismas con el fin de promover una práctica basada en la evidencia. Debido a lo antes mencionado se plantea el desarrollo del presente Trabajo Final de Graduación, el cual a través de una investigación integrativa, pretende ahondar en esta temática relevante para la salud y bienestar de la población escolar bajo el objetivo de "Analizar las mejores evidencias científicas disponibles sobre las intervenciones de la enfermería para la prevención y promoción de la salud integral de la población preescolar y escolar." La investigación contempló la selección de un total de 283 artículos publicados en bases de datos digitales, que fueron sometidos a procesos de lectura superficial, lectura exhaustiva, extracción de datos, análisis de calidad, rigurosidad y recomendación...
Inglés: The nursing professional has disciplinary and scientific knowledge that allows him/her to address the real and potential health needs of different populations from educational, assistance, health promotion, disease prevention, rehabilitation and assistance approaches. In the case of the pediatric population, such as preschoolers and school children within the school environment, they must develop interventions that favor optimal individual and collective growth and development. The above work can be seen In the Costa Rican context through national research publications regarding the work of nursing and the population of special education centers; or at the international level through research based on health education. Although there is research on the role of the nursing professional in the school setting, no research publications were found on the specific interventions that nurses carry out with preschool and school populations respectively, as well as an analysis of the quality and rigor of these interventions in order to promote evidence-based practice. Due to the above mentioned, the development of this Graduation Final Project is proposed, which through an integrative review, aims to delve into this relevant topic for the health and welfare of the school population under the objective of "Analyzing the best scientific evidence available on nursing interventions for the prevention and promotion of the integral health of the preschool and school population". The research involved the selection of a total of 283 articles published in digital databases, which were subjected to processes of superficial reading, exhaustive reading, data extraction, quality analysis, rigor and recommendation by means of standardized instruments such as the CASPe grids and SIGN guides; in order to identify the best scientific evidence published and allow a discussion of results on the topics associated with the specific research objectives...
Inglés: The nursing professional has disciplinary and scientific knowledge that allows him/her to address the real and potential health needs of different populations from educational, assistance, health promotion, disease prevention, rehabilitation and assistance approaches. In the case of the pediatric population, such as preschoolers and school children within the school environment, they must develop interventions that favor optimal individual and collective growth and development. The above work can be seen In the Costa Rican context through national research publications regarding the work of nursing and the population of special education centers; or at the international level through research based on health education. Although there is research on the role of the nursing professional in the school setting, no research publications were found on the specific interventions that nurses carry out with preschool and school populations respectively, as well as an analysis of the quality and rigor of these interventions in order to promote evidence-based practice. Due to the above mentioned, the development of this Graduation Final Project is proposed, which through an integrative review, aims to delve into this relevant topic for the health and welfare of the school population under the objective of "Analyzing the best scientific evidence available on nursing interventions for the prevention and promotion of the integral health of the preschool and school population". The research involved the selection of a total of 283 articles published in digital databases, which were subjected to processes of superficial reading, exhaustive reading, data extraction, quality analysis, rigor and recommendation by means of standardized instruments such as the CASPe grids and SIGN guides; in order to identify the best scientific evidence published and allow a discussion of results on the topics associated with the specific research objectives...
Descripción
Tesis (licenciatura en enfermería)--Universidad de Costa Rica. Facultad de Medicina. Escuela de Enfermería, 2023
Palabras clave
ATENCION DE ENFERMERIA, ATENCION INTEGRAL DE SALUD, ENFERMERIA PEDIATRICA, NIÑOS - CUIDADO E HIGIENE, PROMOCION DE LA SALUD, SALUD ESCOLAR, SERVICIOS DE SALUD INFANTIL