Acceso y atención en servicios de salud en adolescentes de escuelas públicas de Nuevo León, México
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Fecha
2016
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Población y Salud en Mesoamérica, Volumen 13, número 2 (enero-junio 2016)
Páginas
1-24
Resumen
Objetivo: analizar el acceso y la percepción en la atención en servicios de salud en adolescentes de escuelas públicas del Estado de Nuevo León, México. Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo y cualitativo con población de 13 a 19 años de ambos sexos. La muestra fue de 2 187 estudiantes, seleccionados por diseño multietápico con confiabilidad del 95% y margen de error del 5%. En la etapa cualitativa la muestra fue de 34 estudiantes; la información se recolectó con entrevistas a profundidad y grupales; el análisis se realizó por teoría fundamentada. Resultados: 62% han asistido a consulta en el último año para la atención de enfermedades respiratorias, gastrointestinales o accidentes. 90% de quienes asistieron a consulta volvería por el buen servicio que recibieron. El 10% no volvería por el tiempo de espera y el trato que recibieron. Del 38% que nunca fueron a consulta, el 52% no lo hizo porque no lo necesitó y 24% porque no le dieron cita. Del total de entrevistados, 60% menciona que los servicios de salud están cerca de su casa, pero van solo cuando están enfermos. De acuerdo con el análisis cualitativo, los entrevistados perciben mala atención y baja calidad de los servicios médicos. Conclusiones: Los resultados muestran dos panoramas. En uno, los estudiantes acuden a consulta por lo menos una vez al año, y evalúan el servicio positivamente; en otro, casi la mitad de los entrevistados no utilizó los servicios de salud, debido a que no los necesitaron o a que tienen una mala percepción de ellos.
Objective:To analyze access and perception into health care services in adolescents from public schools from the State of Nuevo Leon, Mexico. Methodology:quantitative and qualitative study with population of 13-19 years of both sexes. The sample consisted of 2 187 students selected by multistage design with 95% reliability and error margin of 5%. In the qualitative stage the sample was 34 students; information was collected through depth and group interviews; and analysis was conducted by grounded theory. Results:62% has attended consultation in the past year for the care of respiratory and gastrointestinal illnesses, or accidents. 90% of those who attended would ask consultation again because of the good service they received. 10% would not return for the waiting time and the treatment they received. From the 38% who never went to consultation, 52% was because they did not need it, and 24% because they were not given appointment. Of those interviewed, 60% mentioned that health services are near to their homes, but they used the services only when they feel sick. According to the qualitative analysis, the respondents perceived poor attention and poor quality of medical services. Conclusions: the results show two scenarios. One is that students attend at least once a year to consultation, and they evaluate these services positively; the second is that almost half of the respondents did not use health services because they did not need them or because they have a poor perception of the services.
Objective:To analyze access and perception into health care services in adolescents from public schools from the State of Nuevo Leon, Mexico. Methodology:quantitative and qualitative study with population of 13-19 years of both sexes. The sample consisted of 2 187 students selected by multistage design with 95% reliability and error margin of 5%. In the qualitative stage the sample was 34 students; information was collected through depth and group interviews; and analysis was conducted by grounded theory. Results:62% has attended consultation in the past year for the care of respiratory and gastrointestinal illnesses, or accidents. 90% of those who attended would ask consultation again because of the good service they received. 10% would not return for the waiting time and the treatment they received. From the 38% who never went to consultation, 52% was because they did not need it, and 24% because they were not given appointment. Of those interviewed, 60% mentioned that health services are near to their homes, but they used the services only when they feel sick. According to the qualitative analysis, the respondents perceived poor attention and poor quality of medical services. Conclusions: the results show two scenarios. One is that students attend at least once a year to consultation, and they evaluate these services positively; the second is that almost half of the respondents did not use health services because they did not need them or because they have a poor perception of the services.
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ADOLESCENTES, SERVICIOS DE SALUD, SALUD, SEGURIDAD SOCIAL, MEXICO