Vivencias de hombres trans en la utilización de los servicios de salud de Costa Rica
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2023
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Introducción: Históricamente, la población trans ha sido reconocida como uno de los colectivos más invisibilizados y vulnerabilizados a nivel social, debido a fuerzas sociales estigmatizadoras que permean incluso al sistema de salud costarricense, lo cual contradice el objetivo del mismo, que habla de dar atención integral en salud a toda la población, comprometiendo el estado de salud y calidad de vida de las personas trans. Por tanto, se refuerza la relevancia de conocer especialmente las vivencias de los hombres trans que son parte de este colectivo minoritario, por lo que surge la pregunta de investigación: ¿Cuáles son las experiencias de los hombres trans en la utilización de los servicios de salud costarricenses? Objetivo: Develar las vivencias de los hombres trans en la utilización de los servicios de salud de Costa Rica desde el Sistema Conceptual de Interacción Dinámica planteado por la teorizante Imogene King. Metodología: Estudio de tipo cualitativo con enfoque fenomenológico según Heidegger (fenomenología hermenéutica o interpretativa). Como técnica de recolección de datos se empleó la entrevista semiestructurada. Se utilizó una muestra de 11 participantes, los cuales fueron captados mediante el muestreo por conveniencia bajo los siguientes criterios de inclusión: auto-identificarse como hombre trans, ser mayor de edad y haber utilizado los servicios de salud de Costa Rica en los últimos cinco años. Los datos recolectados fueron analizados mediante la técnica de análisis de contenido propuesta por Bardin. Resultados: Como parte de los hallazgos, se identificó la existencia de factores personales, interpersonales y sociales que configuran las vivencias de los hombres trans en la utilización de los servicios de salud. En tanto, se reconocieron factores personales como la percepción (de sí mismo y de los demás), la identidad y la imagen corporal y otros como la posición socioeconómica. Por otra parte...
Inglés: Introduction: Historically, the trans population has been recognized as one of the most invisibilized and vulnerable groups at a social level, due to stigmatizing social forces that permeate even the Costa Rican healthcare system, which contradicts its objective of providing comprehensive health care for the entire population, compromising the state of health and quality of life of trans people. Therefore, the relevance of knowing especially the experiences of trans men, who are part of this minority group is reinforced, which is why the research question arises: What are the experiences of trans men in the use of Costa Rica’s health services? Objective: To reveal the experiences of trans men in the use of health services in Costa Rica from the Conceptual System of Dynamic Interaction proposed by theorist Imogene King. Methodology: Qualitative study with a phenomenological approach according to Heidegger (hermeneutic or interpretive phenomenology). The semi-structured interview was used as a data collection technique. A sample of 11 participants were recruited through convenience sampling under the following inclusion criteria: self-identifying as a trans man, being at least 18 years old and having used Costa Rican health services in the last five years. The data collected was analyzed using the content analysis technique proposed by Bardin. Results: As part of the findings, the existence of personal, interpersonal and social factors that shape the experiences of trans men in the use of health services was identified. Meanwhile, personal factors such as perception (of self and others), identity and body image, and others such as socioeconomic position were recognized. On the other hand, in terms of interpersonal factors, aspects specific to the healthcare professionals and non-healthcare personnel related were recognized, as well as elements specific to the organizational structure, both public and private. Finally, at a social level...
Inglés: Introduction: Historically, the trans population has been recognized as one of the most invisibilized and vulnerable groups at a social level, due to stigmatizing social forces that permeate even the Costa Rican healthcare system, which contradicts its objective of providing comprehensive health care for the entire population, compromising the state of health and quality of life of trans people. Therefore, the relevance of knowing especially the experiences of trans men, who are part of this minority group is reinforced, which is why the research question arises: What are the experiences of trans men in the use of Costa Rica’s health services? Objective: To reveal the experiences of trans men in the use of health services in Costa Rica from the Conceptual System of Dynamic Interaction proposed by theorist Imogene King. Methodology: Qualitative study with a phenomenological approach according to Heidegger (hermeneutic or interpretive phenomenology). The semi-structured interview was used as a data collection technique. A sample of 11 participants were recruited through convenience sampling under the following inclusion criteria: self-identifying as a trans man, being at least 18 years old and having used Costa Rican health services in the last five years. The data collected was analyzed using the content analysis technique proposed by Bardin. Results: As part of the findings, the existence of personal, interpersonal and social factors that shape the experiences of trans men in the use of health services was identified. Meanwhile, personal factors such as perception (of self and others), identity and body image, and others such as socioeconomic position were recognized. On the other hand, in terms of interpersonal factors, aspects specific to the healthcare professionals and non-healthcare personnel related were recognized, as well as elements specific to the organizational structure, both public and private. Finally, at a social level...
Descripción
Seminario de graduación (licenciatura en enfermería)--Universidad de Costa Rica. Facultad de Medicina. Escuela de Enfermería, 2023
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ATENCION DE ENFERMERIA, DISCRIMINACIÓN EN ATENCIÓN MÉDICA, ENFERMERIA BASADA EN LA EVIDENCIA, ENFERMERIA COMO PROFESION, HOMBRES TRANSGÉNERO - ATENCION HOSPITALARIA - COSTA RICA