Análisis morfológico de distintos cauces de ríos utilizando secciones transversales
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2021
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En el presente trabajo se realizó un análisis morfológico de las secciones transversales de aforos de ríos, correspondientes a 14 estaciones hidrometeorológicas del Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad (ICE) a lo largo de un periodo de 12 años, específicamente entre los años 2008 y 2020. Para esto se procedió a ilustrar la información correspondiente a las 14 estaciones del ICE con el software RStudio, y hacer un estudio sobre el comportamiento general, con el fin de determinar anomalías fácilmente observables y que pudiesen corresponder a eventos meteorológicos y telúricos importantes. A lo largo del estudio se pudo observar que en ciertos periodos de tiempo se presentaron cambios en periodos específicos que coinciden entre estaciones, por lo que se determinó que estas discrepancias que coinciden periódicamente entre sí correspondían a fenómenos o eventos extremos importantes en el periodo de análisis. Es por esto que se procede a enfocar el estudio a medir cuantitativamente los principales cambios observados, correspondientes a cuatro eventos hidrometeorológicos, y los dos eventos telúricos más importantes dentro del periodo de análisis. Una vez obtenida toda la información necesaria, se procedió a comparar los resultados obtenidos en las 14 estaciones entre sí, haciendo énfasis en el análisis entre las 3 vertientes del país: Vertiente del Caribe, Vertiente Norte, y Vertiente del Pacífico. Finalmente se obtuvieron los resultados comparativos de manera gráfica, así como las diferencias de elevación más importantes entre las curvas, con el fin de obtener las conclusiones mostradas en el presente trabajo respecto al comportamiento morfológico de las 14 estaciones analizadas, así como las principales diferencias y similitudes entre sí.
Inglés: In the present investigation, a morphological analysis of the cross sections of river gauges was carried out, corresponding to 14 hydrometeorological stations of the Costa Rican Electricity Institute (ICE, acronym in Spanish), over a period of 12 years, specifically between the years 2008 and 2020. For this, it was necessary to illustrate the information of all the fourteen stations, which was carried out with the help of the software RStudio. With the purpose of doing a general study of the behavior of the curves, trying to determine anomalies that are easily observable and that could correspond to important events. Throughout the study, it was possible to determine that in certain periods of time, some changes were noticeable and coincide between stations. For which it was determined that these discrepancies may correspond to important extreme events in the period of analysis. Therefore, the study is focused on quantitatively measuring the main changes between the cross sections, during the four most predominant hydrometeorological events and two most important telluric events that happened between 2008-2020. Once all the necessary information had been obtained, the results from the fourteen stations were compared with each other, emphasizing the analysis between the 3 hydrographic slopes in the country: the Caribbean Slope, North Slope and Pacific Slope. Finally, the comparative results were obtained graphically, as well as the main elevation differences between the curves, which led to obtain the conclusions shown in the present investigation. Regarding the morphological behavior of the 14 stations that were analyzed, they were compared as well, to find the main differences and similarities between them.
Inglés: In the present investigation, a morphological analysis of the cross sections of river gauges was carried out, corresponding to 14 hydrometeorological stations of the Costa Rican Electricity Institute (ICE, acronym in Spanish), over a period of 12 years, specifically between the years 2008 and 2020. For this, it was necessary to illustrate the information of all the fourteen stations, which was carried out with the help of the software RStudio. With the purpose of doing a general study of the behavior of the curves, trying to determine anomalies that are easily observable and that could correspond to important events. Throughout the study, it was possible to determine that in certain periods of time, some changes were noticeable and coincide between stations. For which it was determined that these discrepancies may correspond to important extreme events in the period of analysis. Therefore, the study is focused on quantitatively measuring the main changes between the cross sections, during the four most predominant hydrometeorological events and two most important telluric events that happened between 2008-2020. Once all the necessary information had been obtained, the results from the fourteen stations were compared with each other, emphasizing the analysis between the 3 hydrographic slopes in the country: the Caribbean Slope, North Slope and Pacific Slope. Finally, the comparative results were obtained graphically, as well as the main elevation differences between the curves, which led to obtain the conclusions shown in the present investigation. Regarding the morphological behavior of the 14 stations that were analyzed, they were compared as well, to find the main differences and similarities between them.
Descripción
Proyecto de graduación (licenciatura en ingeniería civil)--Universidad de Costa Rica. Facultad de Ingeniería. Escuela de Ingeniería Civil, 2021.
Palabras clave
CAUCE DE LOS RIOS - FORMA - COSTA RICA, DESASTRES NATURALES - COSTA RICA, ESTACIONES HIDROLOGICAS - COSTA RICA, OBSERVATORIOS METEOROLOGICOS - COSTA RICA, TERREMOTOS - COSTA RICA