Consulta nutricional grupal como estrategia para fomentar cambios de estilo de vida en mujeres adultas con exceso de peso que asistan al Gimnasio Golds Gym de Guayabos, en el año 2014
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2016
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La presente investigación tiene como propósito diseñar, implementar y evaluar una consulta nutricional grupal como estrategia para fomentar cambios de estilo de vida en mujeres con exceso de peso que asisten al gimnasio Golds Gym de Guayabos. Como parte del diseño metodológico, se aplicaron 10 sesiones de consulta nutricional grupal a dicho grupo, una vez por semana, con una duración aproximada de dos horas, durante el período de Setiembre a Noviembre del año 2014. Posteriormente, se procedió a analizar los cambios observados en las variables cuantitativas que se midieron al inicio y al final de la intervención: perfil antropométrico, bioquímico, clínico, dietético y prácticas de estilo de vida, mediante la aplicación del Instrumento de Entrevista Estructurada, agrupaciones de la información, cálculo de promedios, desviaciones estándar y relaciones de las variables en gráficos y frecuencias, utilizando el programa de Microsoft Excel 2010. Además, se realizó un análisis cualitativo del contenido registrado mediante anotaciones y transcripciones de las grabaciones de las sesiones, donde se agrupó e interpretó la información en categorías de análisis con base en los emergentes, dudas, motivaciones, barreras o resistencias, facilitadores, percepción de autoeficacia y avances en las etapas de cambio que surgieron durante las discusiones grupales y las dinámicas desarrolladas durante todo el proceso de intervención. Finalmente, se identificaron los aspectos a mejorar y se establecieron las recomendaciones necesarias para perfeccionar la modalidad de consulta nutricional grupal como estrategia para adherirse a un estilo de vida saludable. Se evidenció que la metodología de consulta nutricional grupal es una herramienta válida y eficaz para promover una mayor adherencia a cambios en el estilo de vida en las personas con exceso de peso que por diferentes barreras...
Inglés: The following research pursues the design, implementation and evaluation of a nutritional group consultation as a strategy to encourage lifestyle changes targeting overweight women who attend Guayabo's Gold Gym. Methodology consisted of 10 weekly group sessions of 2 hours each extending across September to November 2014. Subsequently an analysis was executed to observe changes in quantitative variables which were measured both at the beginning and at the end of the process such as: anthropometric, biochemical, clinic, and dietary profiles as well as lifestyles practices which were obtained through structured survey methodology, data grouping, average calculation, standard deviation and graphic variable-frequency relationship using Microsoft Excel 2010. In addition, a qualitative analysis was performed on the content registered through notes and session recording transcriptions where data was grouped and interpreted in categories based on doubts, motivation, barrier/resistance, facilitators, efficacy self- perception, and progress during change stages which transpired during group discussions and dynamics developed throughout the whole intervention process. Finally, aspects to improve were identified and recommendations were created to perfect the group consultation as a strategy to adhere and maintain a healthy lifestyle. lt was demonstrated that nutritional group consultation is a valid and effective tool to promote an increased adherence to positive changes in lifestyle for overweight people that struggle to follow a nutritional and exercise plan on individual nutritional consultation. lmportant changes were identified in anthropometric, biochemical, dietary, and lifestyle parameters among each of the participants who took part in the research.
Inglés: The following research pursues the design, implementation and evaluation of a nutritional group consultation as a strategy to encourage lifestyle changes targeting overweight women who attend Guayabo's Gold Gym. Methodology consisted of 10 weekly group sessions of 2 hours each extending across September to November 2014. Subsequently an analysis was executed to observe changes in quantitative variables which were measured both at the beginning and at the end of the process such as: anthropometric, biochemical, clinic, and dietary profiles as well as lifestyles practices which were obtained through structured survey methodology, data grouping, average calculation, standard deviation and graphic variable-frequency relationship using Microsoft Excel 2010. In addition, a qualitative analysis was performed on the content registered through notes and session recording transcriptions where data was grouped and interpreted in categories based on doubts, motivation, barrier/resistance, facilitators, efficacy self- perception, and progress during change stages which transpired during group discussions and dynamics developed throughout the whole intervention process. Finally, aspects to improve were identified and recommendations were created to perfect the group consultation as a strategy to adhere and maintain a healthy lifestyle. lt was demonstrated that nutritional group consultation is a valid and effective tool to promote an increased adherence to positive changes in lifestyle for overweight people that struggle to follow a nutritional and exercise plan on individual nutritional consultation. lmportant changes were identified in anthropometric, biochemical, dietary, and lifestyle parameters among each of the participants who took part in the research.
Descripción
Tesis (maestría profesional en nutrición clínica de las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles)--Universidad de Costa Rica. Sistema de Estudios de Posgrado. Programa de Estudios de Posgrado en Nutrición Humana, 2016
Palabras clave
EDUCACION NUTRICIONAL - COSTA RICA, ESTILO DE VIDA, EVALUACION NUTRICIONAL, OBESIDAD, OBESIDAD - ASPECTOS NUTRICIONALES, OBESIDAD - TRATAMIENTO, OBESIDAD EN MUJERES, OBESIDAD EN MUJERES - TRATAMIENTO