Evolución demográfica del camp de Tarragona (Cataluña, España) 1570-1880: las grandes crisis de mortalidad
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Fecha
2016
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Población y Salud en Mesoamérica, Volumen 14, número 1 (julio-diciembre 2016)
Páginas
1-30
Resumen
El Camp de Tarragona (España) participó con fuerza en la revolución comercial de la época moderna y la evolución de su población fue constante y creciente. Objetivo: analizar si fueron las graves crisis de mortalidad y la falta de salud lo que incentivó la evolución de la población en la zona, y el papel que estas tuvieron. Métodos: con registros parroquiales y censos se construye durante casi tres siglos y medio la evolución demográfica. Se presentan aspectos significativos de la mortalidad por crisis a través del método Dupâquier y Flinn. Resultados: la sequía es el indicador indirecto del stress económico y la salud. Las mayores defunciones ocurrían en años de malas cosechas, guerra o infección. Durante uno o varios años la mortalidad se elevó por encima de su nivel normal (nivel 4-5 determina graves crisis con el método Dupâquier). El Camp lo alcanzó cuatro veces: la primera vez, a principios del siglo XVII debido al factor determinante de la sequía, luego por enfermedad y las otras por guerra. Posteriormente, se dieron crisis urbanas y rurales. Conclusiones: la influencia de estas graves crisis sobre el crecimiento demográfico y económico era importante cuando la capacidad del hombre era limitada. El Camp supo mantener una hegemonía demográfica y económica importante en esta época. Graves crisis de mortalidad afectaron con dureza menguando la población. Como conclusión, el papel de la mortalidad por graves crisis no es determinante, aunque estas tuvieron un papel importante en la recuperación de los habitantes del Camp.
Camp de Tarragona (Spain) participated strongly in the commercial revolution of the modern era and its population grew steadily. Objective: to analyze whether the serious mortality crisis and lack of health stimulated the evolution of the population in the area and what role these crisis played in them. Methods: demographic change is reconstructed with parish registers and census from nearly three centuries. Significant aspects of mortality by crisis are presented through the Dupâquier and Flinn method. Results: Drought is the indirect indicator of economic stress and health. Deaths increased in years of bad harvests, war or infection. For one or more years mortality rose above its normal level (level 4-5 determines serious crisis with the Dupâquier method). Camp reached this level on four times: in the early seventeenth century with drought as a determining factor, another time by disease and the other by war. It was succeeded by urban and rural crisis. Conclusions: The influence of these serious crisis on the population and economic growth was important when man's capacity was limited. The Camp was able to maintain an important demographic and economic hegemony at this time. Severe mortality crisis severely dwindled the population. As a conclusion, it is found that the role of mortality does not appear decisive for serious crisis but played an important role in the recovery momentum of the residents of Camp.
Camp de Tarragona (Spain) participated strongly in the commercial revolution of the modern era and its population grew steadily. Objective: to analyze whether the serious mortality crisis and lack of health stimulated the evolution of the population in the area and what role these crisis played in them. Methods: demographic change is reconstructed with parish registers and census from nearly three centuries. Significant aspects of mortality by crisis are presented through the Dupâquier and Flinn method. Results: Drought is the indirect indicator of economic stress and health. Deaths increased in years of bad harvests, war or infection. For one or more years mortality rose above its normal level (level 4-5 determines serious crisis with the Dupâquier method). Camp reached this level on four times: in the early seventeenth century with drought as a determining factor, another time by disease and the other by war. It was succeeded by urban and rural crisis. Conclusions: The influence of these serious crisis on the population and economic growth was important when man's capacity was limited. The Camp was able to maintain an important demographic and economic hegemony at this time. Severe mortality crisis severely dwindled the population. As a conclusion, it is found that the role of mortality does not appear decisive for serious crisis but played an important role in the recovery momentum of the residents of Camp.
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MORTALIDAD, DEMOGRAFIA HISTORICA, CRECIMIENTO DEMOGRAFICO, SALUD, ESPAÑA