Impresión 3D mediante técnica de deposición fundida para la creación de bioandamiajes a partir de modelos estereolitográficos obtenidos con Micro-CT Scan
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2021
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Objetivo: El propósito de esta investigación es determinar el biopolímero con las mejores características de impresión 3D y propiedades mecánicas para la fabricación de un andamiaje, utilizando la técnica de deposición fundida, con modelos estereolitográficos generados a partir de un Micro-CT Scan. Metodología: La presente investigación es un estudio exploratorio experimental, cuya conceptualización y análisis requirió una revisión de literatura de artículos científicos. Se realizó la impresión 3D de un bioandamio a 150% del tamaño original, utilizando la técnica por deposición fundida, a partir de un archivo en formato STL que se obtiene de un Micro- CT Scan tomado a una estructura ósea de cresta ilíaca bovina. Se realizaron 3 grupos de estudio, con trece estructuras impresas cada uno. El primero, se compone 100% de PLA. El segundo, filamento 90B, se compone de 20g de ácido poliláctico por 1g de extracto de diatomea, y el tercero, filamento 88C, se diferencia de este último ya que contiene además, 1g de fosfato de calcio. A las 39 estructuras se les realizó una prueba de inspección visual, por lo que se requirió la confección de un patrón de oro en resina, con mayor detalle y similitud a la estructura ósea escaneada. Finalmente, las estructuras fueron sometidas a una fuerza compresiva (N) para la obtención del módulo de elasticidad (MPa) y de la resistencia compresiva (MPa) de cada una de ellas. Resultados: Se obtuvo una diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p=0,001) en las propiedades de impresión del biomaterial 88C, con respecto al 90B y al PLA puro. El filamento 88C presentó las mejores características de impresión 3D utilizando la técnica de impresión por deposición fundida, a partir de modelos estereolitográficos obtenidos con Micro-CT Scan. Además, el biopolímero 88C, presentó las mejores propiedades mecánicas en comparación con los otros grupos de materiales. Aunque la diferencia entre estos...
Inglés: Objective: The main objective is to analyze the biomaterial with the best 3D printing characteristics and mechanical properties of a scaffold, using the fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique, from stereolithographic models obtained from a Micro-CT Scan. Methods: The present investigation is an experimental exploratory study. For the conceptualization and analysis, a literature review of scientific articles was carried out. A 3D printing of a bio-scaffold was made at 150% of the original size, using the fused deposition technique, from a file in STL format obtained from a Micro-CT Scan taken from a bovine iliac crest bone structure. Three study groups were carried out, with thirteen printed structures each. The first is made up of 100% PLA. The second, filament 90B, is composed of 20g of polylactic acid per 1g of diatom extract, and the third, filament 88C, differs from the latter as it also contains 1g of calcium phosphate. A visual inspection test was performed on the 39 structures, which required the preparation of a gold standard in resin, with greater detail and similarity to the scanned bone structure. Finally, the structures were subjected to a compressive force (N) to obtain the modulus of elasticity (MPa) and the compressive strength (MPa) of each one of them. Results: A statistically significant difference (p= 0.001) was obtained in the printing properties of biomaterial 88C, with respect to 90B and pure PLA. The 88C filament presented the best 3D printing characteristics using the fused deposition printing technique, from stereolithographic models obtained with Micro-CT Scan. In addition, the 88C biopolymer presented the best mechanical properties compared to the other groups of materials. Although the difference between these was not statistically significant (p = 0.388), in the structures of the 88C biomaterial, values of compressive strength (8,84692 Mpa) and modulus of elasticity (43,23615 Mpa) similar to those of cancellous bone in the...
Inglés: Objective: The main objective is to analyze the biomaterial with the best 3D printing characteristics and mechanical properties of a scaffold, using the fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique, from stereolithographic models obtained from a Micro-CT Scan. Methods: The present investigation is an experimental exploratory study. For the conceptualization and analysis, a literature review of scientific articles was carried out. A 3D printing of a bio-scaffold was made at 150% of the original size, using the fused deposition technique, from a file in STL format obtained from a Micro-CT Scan taken from a bovine iliac crest bone structure. Three study groups were carried out, with thirteen printed structures each. The first is made up of 100% PLA. The second, filament 90B, is composed of 20g of polylactic acid per 1g of diatom extract, and the third, filament 88C, differs from the latter as it also contains 1g of calcium phosphate. A visual inspection test was performed on the 39 structures, which required the preparation of a gold standard in resin, with greater detail and similarity to the scanned bone structure. Finally, the structures were subjected to a compressive force (N) to obtain the modulus of elasticity (MPa) and the compressive strength (MPa) of each one of them. Results: A statistically significant difference (p= 0.001) was obtained in the printing properties of biomaterial 88C, with respect to 90B and pure PLA. The 88C filament presented the best 3D printing characteristics using the fused deposition printing technique, from stereolithographic models obtained with Micro-CT Scan. In addition, the 88C biopolymer presented the best mechanical properties compared to the other groups of materials. Although the difference between these was not statistically significant (p = 0.388), in the structures of the 88C biomaterial, values of compressive strength (8,84692 Mpa) and modulus of elasticity (43,23615 Mpa) similar to those of cancellous bone in the...
Descripción
Seminario de graduación (licenciatura en odontología)--Universidad de Costa Rica. Facultad de Odontología, 2021
Palabras clave
BIOPOLIMEROS, DIATOMEAS, IMPRESION TRIDIMENSIONAL - APARATOS Y ACCESORIOS, IMPRESIONES DENTALES, MATERIALES BIOMEDICOS, MATERIALES DE IMPRESION DENTAL, MATERIALES DENTALES, ODONTOLOGIA - APARATOS E INSTRUMENTOS, TOMOGRAFIA COMPUTARIZADA POR RAYOS X