Examinando por Autor "Vetter, Kathleen M."
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Ítem A population-based serosurveillance of syphilis in Costa Rica(Reprinted from Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Vol. 18, no. 2 (april-June 1991), 1991) Larsen, Sandra A.; Oberle, Mark W.; Sánchez Braverman, Juana M.; Rosero Bixby, Luis; Vetter, Kathleen M.As part of a case-control study to investigate the high incidence of cervical cancer in Costa Rican women, the seroprevalence of the trepnematoses, in particular, syphilis was determined. In each age group, women with a history of two or more sex partners were two to four times more likely to be seroreactive in tests for syphilis than women with zero or one sex partner. The highest percentage of reactive results in the microhemagglutination assay for antibodies to Trepnema pallidum (MHATP) was seen in samples from women aged 50-59 who had had two or more lifetime partners (23.8%). Three observations from our study support reactivity due to syphilis rather than yaws or pinta: ( /) a similar percent of reactive rapid plasma reagin (RPR) card test results among MHA-TP reactors in the two age groups of women who were surveyed (42 vs. 49%) was observed; (2) women who were seroreactive in the MHA-TP had multiple risk factors for STD (low socioeconomic status (9.4%), urban residence (22.8%), first intercourse under 16 years of age (14.1%), and multiple sex partners (26.3%)|, and (j) only sexually experienced women had reactive results in the MHA-TP test.Ítem A population-based serosurveillance of syphilis in Costa Rica(Sexually Transmitted Diseases, vol. 18, no. 2, 1991) Larsen, Sandra; Oberle, Mark W.; Sánchez Braverman, Juana M.; Rosero Bixby, Luis; Vetter, Kathleen M.As part of a case-control study to investigate the high incidence of cervical cancer in Costa Rican women, the seroprevalence of the treponematoses, in particular, syphilis was determined. In each age group, women with a history of two or more sex partners were two to four times more likely to be seroreactive in tests for syphilis than women with zero or one sex partner. The highest percentage of reactive results in the microhemagglutination assay for antibodies to Treponema pallidum (MHATP) was seen in samples from women aged 50-59 who had had two or more lifetime partners (23.8%). Three observations from our study support reactivity due to syphilis rather than yaws or pinta: ( /) a similar percent of reactive rapid plasma reagin (RPR) card test results among MHA-TP reactors in the two age groups of women who were surveyed (42 vs. 49%) was observed; (2) women who were seroreactive in the MHA-TP had multiple risk factors for STD (low socioeconomic status (9.4%), urban residence (22.8%), first intercourse under 16 years of age (14.1%), and multiple sex partners (26.3%)|, and (j) only sexually experienced women had reactive results in the MHA-TP test.Ítem Seroepidemiology of Chlamydia in Costa Rica(Genitourinary medicine no. 66, 1990) Vetter, Kathleen M.; Barnes, R.C.; Oberle, Mark W.; Rosero Bixby, Luis; Schachter, JuluisA population-based study of the sero-epidemiology of chlamydia was performed among a nationally representative sample of 760 Costa Rican women aged 25 to 59 years. Interviews and sera collection were completed between September 1984 and February 1985. The overall seroprevalence of chlamydial antibodies among these women was 56.1%. Women 25 to 39 years of age had a seroprevalence of 51.1%, while women 40 to 59 years of age had a seroprevalence of 64.2%. Women who reported no prior sexual activity had a seroprevalence rate of 48.6%, compared with a seroprevalence rate of 80.7% among women who reported three or more lifetime sexual partners. The geometric mean titre (GMT) of seropositive women ranged from 34.4 among the women who reported no prior sexual activity to 155.0 among the women with three or more lifetime sexual partners. Sero-positivity was more consistently associated with sexual activity than with age. Women with serological evidence of past Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) or syphilis infection were more likely to be seropositive than were women without evidence of exposure to these sexually transmitted diseases, even when controlled for age and the number of lifetime sexual partners. The seropositivity among never sexually active women indicates the probable presence of Chlamydia pneumoniae infections, while the high seroprevalence of chlamydial antibodies among the sexually active women suggests that sexually transmitted Chlamydia trachomatis infections represent a public health problem not previously quantified in Costa Rica. Further seroepidemiological and/or culture studies are warranted to determine the incidence and prevalence of sexually transmitted chlamydial infection among men and younger women.