Examinando por Autor "Palloni, Alberto"
Mostrando 1 - 3 de 3
Resultados por página
Opciones de ordenación
Ítem Población y deforestación en Costa Rica(Conservación del Bosque en Costa Rica. Academia Nacional de Ciencias, 1998) Rosero Bixby, Luis; Palloni, Alberto¿En qué grado el rápido crecimiento poblacional es culpable de la masiva destrucción el bosque tropical? Aunque covariaciones temporales y espaciales sugieren una conexión entre población y deforestación, investigaciones sugieren también complejas causas no demográficas. Entre ellas, las deficiencias en mercados de créditos y capitales y en las instituciones de tenencia de la tierra; la pobreza, mala distribución de la propiedad de la tierra, ciertos hábitos de consumo, la codicia de compañías multinacionales y la ignorancia del colonizador de la frontera agrícola. En Costa Rica, un país que ha experimentado una de las tasas de crecimiento poblacional y deforestación más altas del mundo, a menudo se invoca la tesis de que el rápido crecimiento poblacional es uno de los mayores culpables de la deforestación . Sin embargo, muy pocos estudios han intentado probar empíricamente esta tesis. Más aun, los resultados de estos pocos estudios son contradictorios o no concluyentes. Este documento presenta un análisis exploratorio de datos costarricenses altamente desagregados. Divide al país en celdas de 750 m de lado y analiza la probabilidad de deforestación en cada una de estas unidades. Hace frente al problema de relacionar a la población con el suelo deforestado, el cual se origina en el hecho de que la población no reside en el bosque tropical que ulteriormente es talado o no. Para establecer la conexión población-suelo, se utiliza un sistema multidisciplinario de información geográfica (GIS). Las probabilidades de deforestación se analizan con modelos de regresión logística en 31.000 celdas que estaban cubiertas de bosque en 1973.Ítem Population and deforestation in Costa Rica(Population and Environment; Vol. 20, No.2, 1998) Rosero Bixby, Luis; Palloni, AlbertoThis paper addresses a central debate in research and policy on population and environment, namely the extent to which rapid population growth is associated with the massive deforestation currently underway in the tropics. We utilize the experience of Costa Rica during the last forty years to illustrate what the main issues are, discuss the history of deforestation in that country, and present results from conventional regression methods and from the application of spatial analyses. These analyses enable us to estimate the magnitude of the relation between population and deforestation and to identify the factors that are responsible for the linkage between them.Ítem Population and deforestation in Costa Rica(Center for Demography and Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1996) Rosero Bixby, Luis; Palloni, AlbertoThis paper addresses a central debate in research and policy on population and environment, namely the extent to which rapid population growth is associated with the massive deforestation currently underway in the tropics. Although temporal and spatial associations strongly suggest a connection between population growth and deforestation (Preston, 1994), some research indicates that the problem is more complex as it involves non-demographic mechanisms resulting from credit and capital market failures, lack of suitable mediating institutions securing property rights, wretched poverty, uneven land distribution, consumption patterns in developed countries, greedy multinational companies, ignorance and bad management by colonists of frontier land, and so forth (Gillis and Repetto, 1988; Bilsborrow and Ogendo, 1992; Myers, 1984; Palloni, 1994). This paper is an exploratory analysis of highly disaggregated data from Costa Rica—a tropical country that in the 1960s and 1970s experienced one of the highest rates of deforestation and population growth in the world. It addresses the methodological problem of linking people and population pressure to land cover, a problem that arises from the fact that people usually do not live in the forests that will be cleared. To establish the population-land linkage the paper relies on a multidisciplinary geographic information system (GIS) platform, which was developed for this study with georeferenced data from two population censuses and a series of land cover maps. The key analyses in the paper use multivariate logistic regression to model the net impact of population growth on the 1973-83 probability of deforestation in about 31,000 parcels of 750 meters per side, which were covered with forest at the beginning of the period.