Fecundidad y Planificación familiar
Examinar
Examinando Fecundidad y Planificación familiar por Autor "Casterline, John B."
Mostrando 1 - 3 de 3
Resultados por página
Opciones de ordenación
Ítem Difusión por interacción social y transición de la fecundidad : evidencia cuantitativa y cualitativa de Costa Rica(Notas de Población, Vol. 23, No. 61, 1995) Rosero Bixby, Luis; Casterline, John B.Las teorías explicativas de la transición de la fecundidad en Costa Rica y otros países suelen enfatizar el impacto de los cambios socioeconómicos sobre la demanda de hijos y el incremento de la oferta a través de programas de planificación familiar. Este articulo va mas allá de este paradigma de oferta y demanda y examina la contribución adicional del “contagio” por interacción social de la planificación familiar. En procura de precisión conceptual, el documento usa un modelo dinámico sencillo para simular un proceso de transición de la fecundidad con efectos de difusión por interacción. Datos de Costa Rica sugieren de diversas maneras la presencia de efectos de difusión, en particular el hecho de que la transición ocurrió en todos los grupos sociales y la inexistencia de una reducción contemporánea en las preferencias de fecundidad. Mapas de la secuencia temporal en la transición indican un patrón de ordenamiento espacial que es sugestivo de contagio entre aereas vecinas. Análisis de regresión múltiple con areas pequeñas revelan efectos de contagio en la adopción de control natal inter e intra areas. Discusiones en grupos focales ilustran situaciones del diario vivir en que tuvo lugar la difusión de la planificación familiar por interacción. Estas discusiones también dan pistas sobre las circunstancias bajo las cuales ocurrió la difusión, así como sobre los cambios más importantes en los valores que acompañaron la transición de la fecundidad en Costa Rica. Explanations of the fertility transition in Costa Rica, as elsewhere in developing societies, have stressed the impacts of socioeconomic changes on the demand for children and of increased supply of f amily planning services. This paper goes beyond this demand-supply paradigm and examines the additional causal contribution of the "contagion" of birth control practices by social interaction. Aiming at conceptual precision, a simple dynamic model is used to simulate a f ertility transition process with interaction diffusion effects. An inspection of the data about the Costa Rican transition shows severa! characteristics suggesting interaction diffusion effects, notably its pervasiveness toward all socioeconomic strata and the lack of evidence of a downward shift in fertility pref eren ces. Maps of the timing of fertility transition indicate an ordered spatial pattem suggestive of contagion between neighboring areas. An areal regression analysis reveals inter- and within-area contagion eff ects on birth control adoption. Focus group discussions show real-life situations of interaction diffusion f or birth control adoption. These discussions also give qualitative hints of the circumstances surrounding diffusion of birth control, as well as give hints of major value changes that paralleled fertility transition in Costa Rica.Ítem Interaction diffusion and fertility transition in Costa Rica(Social Forces; Vol. 73, No. 2, 1994) Rosero Bixby, Luis; Casterline, John B.A long-standing concern of sociologists is the contribution of diffusion processes to social change. This article considers the contribution of social interaction diffusion to the fertility transition in Costa Rica, focusing on person-to-person contagion. Several prominent features of the Costa Rican transition suggest the existence of interaction diffusion effects, notably its pervasiveness toward all socioeconomic strata and the lack of evidence of a downward shift in family size preferences. Maps of the timing of fertility transition show an ordered spatial pattern suggestive of contagion between neighboring areas. A dynamic regression model estimated from pooled time series data for 100 counties reveals inter- and within-county diffusion effects on birth control adoption net of socioeconomic and family-planning program effects.Ítem Modelling diffusion effects in fertility transition(Population Studies, No. 47, 1993) Rosero Bixby, Luis; Casterline, John B.Mathematical models bind theory to precise formulations, and by doing so accentuate logical inconsistences in theories and facilitate their testing. In this article we explore the implications of simple mathematical models of fertility transition that contain social interaction diffusion effects. We put forward the hypothesis that diffusion effects act as a third type of causal agent of fertility transition, above and beyond the traditionally studied demand and supply factors. Substantial historical and contemporary evidence points to the existence of diffusion effects on the timing and pace of fertility transition.' Among the pieces of evidence most commonly cited are the fact that fertility declines have occurred under a wide variety of social and economic circumstances, with the pace of decline frequently outpacing the rate of socio-economic change; the irreversibility and rapid pace of decline; the remarkable spatial and temporal patterning of fertility decline in terms of linguistic, ethnic, and cultural boundaries; and, in contemporary developing societies, the relatively small cross-societal and temporal variation in stated reproductive preferences, as compared to the variation in levels of fertility and contraceptive behaviour in the same populations.