Las inequidades geográficas en la mortalidad infantil en Costa Rica, período 2008-2012
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Fecha
2014
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Población y Salud en Mesoamérica, Volumen 12, número 1 (julio-diciembre 2014)
Páginas
1-21
Resumen
Se presenta un estudio exploratorio ecológico sobre la mortalidad infantil en Costa Rica, sus inequidades geográficas y determinantes sociales. Se calculó la tasa mortalidad infantil, el riesgo relativo de morir para menores de un año de vida por unidades territoriales (del año 2008 al 2012) y se representó cartográficamente. Se analizó el patrón espacial de la mortalidad infantil estableciendo correlaciones lineales con diversos indicadores socioeconómicos, como el índice de desarrollo humano, gini y un indicador sintético de calidad ambiental a nivel doméstico y comunal. Los territorios con mayor riesgo de morir se localizan hacia zonas fronterizas y costeras, así como las peores condiciones socioeconómicas y calidad ambiental. Se ha evidenciado que, en la medida que empeoran las condiciones socioeconómicas y ambientales en los cantones, se incrementa la mortalidad infantil.
It is an exploratory ecological study on infant mortality in Costa Rica, its geographical inequities and social determinants. The infant mortality rate, the relative risk of die on children under one year by territorial unit are calculated (since 2008 to 2012) and represented cartographically. The spatial pattern of infant mortality was analyzed and its correlations with socio-economical index like the human development index, gini and a synthetic indicator of environmental quality at household and community levels. The areas with the highest risk of death are found to border and coastal areas as well as lower socioeconomic status and environmental quality. To the extent that the socio-economic and environmental conditions in the cantons are worst tends to increase the risk of infant mortality.
It is an exploratory ecological study on infant mortality in Costa Rica, its geographical inequities and social determinants. The infant mortality rate, the relative risk of die on children under one year by territorial unit are calculated (since 2008 to 2012) and represented cartographically. The spatial pattern of infant mortality was analyzed and its correlations with socio-economical index like the human development index, gini and a synthetic indicator of environmental quality at household and community levels. The areas with the highest risk of death are found to border and coastal areas as well as lower socioeconomic status and environmental quality. To the extent that the socio-economic and environmental conditions in the cantons are worst tends to increase the risk of infant mortality.
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MORTALIDAD INFANTIL, CONDICIONES DE SALUD, DETERMINANTES DE LA MORTALIDAD, COSTA RICA