Mortalidad infantil y preescolar en el estado de Baja California. Análisis de condicionantes biodemográficos relacionados con la historia reproductiva de la madre
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Fecha
2015
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Población y Salud en Mesoamérica, Volumen 12, número 2 (enero-junio 2015)
Páginas
1-32
Resumen
La incidencia de la mortalidad cercana al nacimiento está asociada potencialmente a las características biológicas y demográficas de la madre durante su historia reproductiva. A fin de analizar los señalados aspectos, se presenta el actual artículo que tiene como objetivo general el valorar si algunos de los factores biodemográficos que aquí son considerados constituyen condicionantes para la ocurrencia de la mortalidad infantil y/o para el resto de los infantes menores de 5 años. Para llevar a cabo este trabajo se aplicó el método demográfico de la tabla de vida, con el cual se obtuvieron curvas de sobrevivencia, que tomaron como fuente de información la Encuesta Nacional sobre la Dinámica Demográfica del año 2009, México, lo que permitió sustentar empíricamente los resultados a los que se arribó, como son: el orden del nacimiento del hijo se observa como un diferencial para la mortalidad de los menores de 5 años; asimismo la edad de la madre constituye un importante condicionante para dicha problemática, que ejerce mayor influencia en los órdenes de nacimientos primero y segundo; en igual sentido la fecha del parto establece una diferencia significativa en la supervivencia de los hijos, lo que parece sugerir un cierto efecto cohorte; mientras que los embarazos previos al orden considerado de nacido vivo no han mostrado ser una variable diferenciadora en la supervivencia de los menores de 5 años. Finalmente se apreció que la condición migratoria se presenta como un diferencial de gran peso en la mortalidad infantil y preescolar, básicamente en los órdenes inferiores de nacimientos.
The incidence of death close to birth, is potentially associated with the biological and demographic characteristics of the mother during her reproductive history. In order to analyze the above aspects, the present article has the general objective of assessing whether some of the bio -demographic factors that will be considered here, are conditions for the occurrence of infant mortality and / or the rest of the presents infants under 5 years. To carry out this work the demographic method of life table was used , with which survival curves were obtained , taking as a source of information for this National Survey of Demographic Dynamics 2009, Mexico, allowing empirical support the results that were reached , such as: the order of birth of the child is seen as a differential to the mortality of children under 5 years , also the age of the mother is an important condition for this problem to exert greater influence on the orders first and second births in the same direction due date establishes a significant difference in the survival of children which seems to suggest a certain cohort effect, while pre-order pregnancies considered live birth has not been shown to be a variable differentiating the survival of children under 5 years. Finally it was noted that the immigration status comes as a great weight differential in infant and preschool mortality primarily in the lower orders of births.
The incidence of death close to birth, is potentially associated with the biological and demographic characteristics of the mother during her reproductive history. In order to analyze the above aspects, the present article has the general objective of assessing whether some of the bio -demographic factors that will be considered here, are conditions for the occurrence of infant mortality and / or the rest of the presents infants under 5 years. To carry out this work the demographic method of life table was used , with which survival curves were obtained , taking as a source of information for this National Survey of Demographic Dynamics 2009, Mexico, allowing empirical support the results that were reached , such as: the order of birth of the child is seen as a differential to the mortality of children under 5 years , also the age of the mother is an important condition for this problem to exert greater influence on the orders first and second births in the same direction due date establishes a significant difference in the survival of children which seems to suggest a certain cohort effect, while pre-order pregnancies considered live birth has not been shown to be a variable differentiating the survival of children under 5 years. Finally it was noted that the immigration status comes as a great weight differential in infant and preschool mortality primarily in the lower orders of births.
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MORTALIDAD INFANTIL, SALUD REPRODUCTIVA, MEXICO