Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud oral de pacientes con periodontitis de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Costa Rica
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2022
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El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud oral (CVRSO) en pacientes con periodontitis de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR), antes y después del tratamiento periodontal. Se aplicaron cuestionarios entre febrero y octubre del 2022 a 51 pacientes nuevos con diagnóstico de periodontitis, reclutados para medir su autopercepción de calidad de vida. Las variables analizadas fueron: género, edad, nivel de educación, fumado, diagnóstico de la enfermedad periodontal, índice de biofilme (IB), índice de sangrado (IS), presencia de dolor, calidad de vida del paciente. La población de estudio estuvo compuesta por 19 hombres y 32 mujeres (promedio de edad 46.88 años ±11.16). La mayor parte de los participantes reportaron haber terminado sus estudios secundarios 37.3%, seguido de estudios universitarios completos 35.3%, primarios completos 23.5% y otros estudios 3.9%. Con respecto al hábito de fumado, 46% de los participantes no reportaron este hábito. De estos pacientes que no fumaban el 7.8% eran exfumadores. El diagnóstico más frecuente fue Periodontitis Generalizada Estadio III Grado B y Periodontitis Generalizada Estadio III Grado C. El IB antes del tratamiento periodontal fue de 61.4 ±17.6 y el IS fue de 39.5 ±23.9. El dolor dental actual y el dolor dental máximo en el último mes de los pacientes disminuyó, después de concluir el tratamiento periodontal. El dolor dental máximo en el último mes, fue estadísticamente el más significativo. Según los resultados, se puede observar que de manera global, mejora la CVRSO de manera importante. Es posible concluir y confirmar que el tratamiento no quirúrgico de raspado y alisado radicular en pacientes con enfermedad periodontal impacta de forma positiva la autopercepción de calidad de vida.
Inglés: The objective of this study was to determine oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) in patients with periodontitis at the School of Dentistry of the University of Costa Rica, before and after periodontal treatment. Surveys were applied between February and October 2022 to 51 new patients diagnosed with periodontitis. Patients were recruited to measure their self-perception of quality of life before and after receiving periodontal treatment. The analyzed variables were: age, gender, level of education, smoking status, diagnosis of periodontal disease, biofilm index (BI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), presence of pain, and quality of life of the patient. The study population consisted of 19 men and 32 women (mean age of 46.88 years ±11.16). Most of the participants reported having completed high-school 37.3%, followed by completed university studies 35.3%, completed primary school 23.5% and completing other studies 3.9%. Regarding smoking, 46% of the participants did not report this habit. Of these patients who did not smoke, 7.8% were former smokers. Within the population of study, the most frequent diagnosis was Stage III Grade B Generalized Periodontitis and Stage III Grade C Generalized Periodontitis. The BI before periodontal treatment was 61.4 ±17.6 and the GBI was 39.5 ±23.9. Patients' current pain and maximal pain in the last month decreased after the completion of the periodontal treatment. Being the maximal pain in the last month, statistically significant. Within the results, it can be observed that on a global scale OHRQoL improved after periodontal treatment. It is possible to conclude and confirm that non-surgical scaling and root planning in patients with periodontal disease has a positive impact on self-perceived quality of life.
Inglés: The objective of this study was to determine oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) in patients with periodontitis at the School of Dentistry of the University of Costa Rica, before and after periodontal treatment. Surveys were applied between February and October 2022 to 51 new patients diagnosed with periodontitis. Patients were recruited to measure their self-perception of quality of life before and after receiving periodontal treatment. The analyzed variables were: age, gender, level of education, smoking status, diagnosis of periodontal disease, biofilm index (BI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), presence of pain, and quality of life of the patient. The study population consisted of 19 men and 32 women (mean age of 46.88 years ±11.16). Most of the participants reported having completed high-school 37.3%, followed by completed university studies 35.3%, completed primary school 23.5% and completing other studies 3.9%. Regarding smoking, 46% of the participants did not report this habit. Of these patients who did not smoke, 7.8% were former smokers. Within the population of study, the most frequent diagnosis was Stage III Grade B Generalized Periodontitis and Stage III Grade C Generalized Periodontitis. The BI before periodontal treatment was 61.4 ±17.6 and the GBI was 39.5 ±23.9. Patients' current pain and maximal pain in the last month decreased after the completion of the periodontal treatment. Being the maximal pain in the last month, statistically significant. Within the results, it can be observed that on a global scale OHRQoL improved after periodontal treatment. It is possible to conclude and confirm that non-surgical scaling and root planning in patients with periodontal disease has a positive impact on self-perceived quality of life.
Descripción
Seminario de graduación (licenciatura en odontología)--Universidad de Costa Rica. Facultad de Odontología, 2022
Palabras clave
CALIDAD DE VIDA, HIGIENE ORAL, PERIODONTITIS - PACIENTES - EVALUACION, Universidad de Costa Rica. Facultad de Odontología -INVESTIGACIONES