Caracterización sociodemográfica y psicológica de las madres con depresión posparto que han sido internadas en el Hospital Nacional Psiquiátrico entre el año 2010 y el mes de junio del 2015; una aproximación a través de la revisión de expedientes
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2016
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La depresión posparto es una de las alteraciones psiquiátricas que más frecuentemente experimentan las mujeres en este periodo. Muchos casos se pueden resolver con el tiempo, sin atención profesional o farmacológica, sin embargo; otros requieren hospitalización psiquiátrica para compensar su salud mental. En Costa Rica, no existen al corte estudios sobre la prevalencia de la depresión posparto, sin embargo en países como México se estima que la prevalencia alcanza el 16% y en Perú podría rondar el 33%. Material y método: se revisaron los expedientes de todas las mujeres ingresadas en el Hospital Nacional Psiquiátrico, de San José Costa Rica en el periodo que abarca del año 2010 hasta junio del 2015. Se documentó la presencia o ausencia de una serie de características sociodemográficas y psicológicas mediante un instrumento de recolección de datos previamente construido para este estudio, con el objetivo de discernir las características antes mencionadas de la población del estudio. Resultados: Se dieron 40 ingresos al nosocomio de 39 mujeres, donde se encontró que la edad promedio es de 26.58 años, 65% proviene de áreas rurales, generalmente alejadas de la capital, 62,5% no son asalariadas, el 40% vive en unión libre. Los síntomas clínicos más frecuentes fueron estado de ánimo depresivo (85%), alteraciones del sueño (70%) y síntomas psicóticos en más de la mitad de los casos (67%). Conclusiones: Las mujeres con depresión posparto se constituyen como un grupo que requiere de atención clínica especializada debido a su gran vulnerabilidad biológica, la sintomatología depresiva y al marcado riesgo psicosocial. Por lo anterior se recomienda intervención integral donde se involucre a pareja y familiares.
Postpartum depression is one of the psychiatric disorders most often experienced by women in this period. Many cases can be resolved over time, without professional or pharmacological care, however; others require psychiatric hospitalization to compensate for their mental health. In Costa Rica, there are not studies about the prevalence of postpartum depression, but in countries like Mexico it is estimated that the prevalence reaches 16% and in Peru could be around 33%. Methods: Records of all women admitted to the National Psychiatric Hospital, San Jose Costa Rica in the period 2010 to June 2015. The presence or absence of a series of sociodemographic characteristics were documented and reviewed Psychological using a data collection instrument previously constructed for this study, in order to discern the aforementioned characteristics of the study population. Results: 40 hospital admissions of 39 women, where it was found that the average age is 26.58 years, 65% comes from, usually far from the capital, rural areas were given 62.5% are self- employed, 40% live in cohabitation. The most frequent clinical symptoms were depressed mood (85%), sleep disturbances (70%) and psychotic symptoms in more than half of cases (67%). Conclusions: Women with postpartum depression are as a group that requires specialized medica! attention because of its great biological vulnerability, marking depressive symptoms and psychosocial risk. Therefore comprehensive intervention where it involves partner and family is recommended..
Postpartum depression is one of the psychiatric disorders most often experienced by women in this period. Many cases can be resolved over time, without professional or pharmacological care, however; others require psychiatric hospitalization to compensate for their mental health. In Costa Rica, there are not studies about the prevalence of postpartum depression, but in countries like Mexico it is estimated that the prevalence reaches 16% and in Peru could be around 33%. Methods: Records of all women admitted to the National Psychiatric Hospital, San Jose Costa Rica in the period 2010 to June 2015. The presence or absence of a series of sociodemographic characteristics were documented and reviewed Psychological using a data collection instrument previously constructed for this study, in order to discern the aforementioned characteristics of the study population. Results: 40 hospital admissions of 39 women, where it was found that the average age is 26.58 years, 65% comes from, usually far from the capital, rural areas were given 62.5% are self- employed, 40% live in cohabitation. The most frequent clinical symptoms were depressed mood (85%), sleep disturbances (70%) and psychotic symptoms in more than half of cases (67%). Conclusions: Women with postpartum depression are as a group that requires specialized medica! attention because of its great biological vulnerability, marking depressive symptoms and psychosocial risk. Therefore comprehensive intervention where it involves partner and family is recommended..
Descripción
Tesis (especialidad en psicología clínica)--Universidad de Costa Rica. Sistema de Estudios de Posgrado, 2016
Palabras clave
DEPRESION POSTPARTO, DEPRESION POSTPARTO - PACIENTES - ASPECTOS PSICOLOGICOS - COSTA RICA, HIGIENE MENTAL DE LA MUJER - COSTA RICA, Hospital Nacional Psiquiátrico Manuel Antonio Chapui (Costa Rica) - CASOS, HISTORIAS CLINICAS, ESTADISTICAS, ETC. - 2010-2015, MADRES - PSICOLOGIA - COSTA RICA - 2010-2015